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Among the laboratory tests, the lipid profile is one of the most requested by physicians. By means of a sample, certain parameters can be analyzed to know the levels of lipids in the blood.
The alterations of some lipids, such as cholesterol, do not usually present symptoms. Therefore, it is essential to perform this examination. It is requested to determine the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and also for the follow-up or control of patients on diets or medications to reduce cholesterol levels.
What parameters does a lipid profile measure?
The lipid panel, as it is also known, measures the concentrations of different types of fats in the blood. Among them:
Colesterol HDL
It is the so-called “good cholesterol”, so its values should ideally be elevated for greater heart protection. It is recommended to be higher than 40 mg/dL. To achieve these values it is essential to have a balanced diet, rich in good fats. These are obtained from foods such as avocado, fish, nuts and seeds.
Colesterol LDL
It is the one known as “bad cholesterol”, therefore, it must be at low levels. Higher values mean a higher cardiovascular risk. It is recommended to be less than 130 mg/dL. In some cases, values below 100, 70 or 50 mg/dL may be necessary, depending on the patient’s history.
Colesterol VLDL
It is another type of “bad cholesterol”, which can deposit in the arteries and decrease blood flow. Therefore, it should also be kept at low levels. Ideally, it should be below 30 mg/dL.
Non HDL cholesterol
It is not directly a value that is measured, but one that is reflected in the lipid profile. It is the sum of “bad” cholesterol, which is reported as a single value. This makes it easier to assess the patient’s risk.
Colesterol Total
It is the sum of HDL, LDL and VLDL cholesterol. The desirable value for this parameter is less than 190 mg/dL. A higher amount increases the risk of stroke, heart attack or a disease such as pancreatitis.
It is important to consider that if the good cholesterol (HDL) values are too high, this could increase the total cholesterol values. Therefore, this is a parameter that should always be compared with the rest.
Triglycerides
They are fat molecules that store energy until the body needs it. However, if too much accumulates, the blood vessels may become clogged and lead to the development of cardiovascular disease or pancreatitis. In this sense, the desirable value for this parameter is less than 150 mg/dL.
How to prepare for a lipid profile?
The quality of the blood sample is critical to the accuracy of the test result. Therefore, it is recommended that the person maintains his or her usual diet and that he or she does not engage in sports the day before going to the laboratory.
Also, a fasting period of 8 to 12 hours may be recommended because it is important for the correct measurement of triglycerides. Remember that these are highly influenced by diet. Alcohol intake should be limited; at least 24 hours must have passed.
If you have any questions about this test contact us at CQS and we will solve them.
To take the test you can request an appointment here